SEO – Search Engine Optimization, a competition of Page Ranking.
Google’s PageRank was calculated according to two main systems.
First, the system matching the result within the content of webpages. Google is using this system to discover the matched keyword(s) from webpage content (meta title, introduction, and main content) to the word(s) that user key-in in the search bar. Among these content, the keyword(s) in title impart higher value than other two. Therefore, you must ensure that you had put the most suitable keyword(s) to describe you page in between your title tags (<title> and </title>). However, the title is inadvisable extremely long; 35-40 characters will be max.
Normally, Google will assume first few rows from webpage as introduction of your page. In other word, if you put some significant keyword(s) or keyphrase in the beginning of your page, this will apparently easier for Google to found them (keywords and keyphrases), and this correspond to increase your page’s pertinency.
To determine a webpage pertinency, Google will also considering the “density” of keyword in your main content. But, remember not go too far is as bad as not going far enough; 6-10% of keyword density is optimum. Other techniques to increase your page’s pertinency includes: putting keyword(s) in title of your posts, and bold the keyword that appear in your articles. Now, Google also refering a picture’s ALT properties word(s), and reckon in page pertinency calculation. Therefore, you can include some keyword(s) in ALT properties to increase your page pertinency’s score. For example, <img xsrc=”1.jpg” mce_src=”1.jpg” alt=”world cup 2006 in Germany” />
The last method to increase your webpage pertinency is to put keywords in your external link (link that link to your page on other’s page). This will significantly increasing your page pertinency if somebody put your link on their page.
Second system, also the most important one, PageRank algorithm, is Google patented webpage distinction technique. PageRank was invented by Larry Page, one of Google’s founder, having distinction score from 1-10, which 10 is full score. Higher PR value correspond to high popularity of a page. For better knowledge about this algorithm, you need to know about “damping factor“. Damping factor is the actual PR (PageRank) value that you obtain when you involve in a poll or linked to other’s page. Commonly, the damping factor is 0.85. Of course, it seems insignificant if compare to your actual PR value.
Normally, external linked to a other’s webpage with PR value greater than 6 will increasing your page’s PR value apparently. However, if the webpage you external linked to itself already having a hundred of other external links, then the PR value you obtain will be meaningless, or almost to zero. But, if your external link is the ONLY link linked to a webpage with PR value 2, the PR value that you obtain in this case will be greater than the PR value you can obtain from the page with PR value 6, but having 100 external links.

I guess this may sound complicated to you. Nevermind, let us simplify it in a formula of PR value calculation as below:
PR(A) = (1-d) + d(PR(t1)/C(t1) + … + PR(tn)/C(tn))
PR(A) indicates the PR value given by PageRank system to your page, when your external link linked to a page t1. d is damping factor, PR(t1) is the PR value of the page you linked to, and C(t1) is the number of external links linked on that page. MUST remember: your page will only get 0.85 (or 85%) of PR value from the page you linked to, and that 85% PR value will divided equally among the external links that linked to that page.
Example 1:
A page named techblogy.com, externally linked to a page named ABC.com with PR value 4 and having another 9 external links linked to it. Using the formula:
PR(A) = (1-0.85) + 0.85(4/10) = 0.49
[damping factor,d=0,85; PR value of linked page,PR(t1)=4; number of external links,C(t1)=9+1{your link}=10]
In example 1, techblogy.com obtain 0.49 of PR value.
Example 2:
If techblogy.com externally linked to XYZ dot com with PR value 8, and having 15 other external links linked to it, with formula:
PR(A) = (1-0.85) + 0.85(8/16) = 0.575
From above examples, external linked page’s PR value is undoubtedly important, but the number of external links on the page MUST NOT be ignore.
You might no need to memorize this formula, but, at least, when you going to make an external link to other’s page, make sure you look for higher PR value with less external link number page.
Suggestion: Submit your page to DMOZ, Yahoo, and Looksmart. If your page not a commercial based, do not forget to submit your page to Zeal.com too.
Summary:
1. Put appropriate keywords and keyphrases in your title tags.
2. Increasing your page’s external links quantity and quality.
3. Submit your page to DMOZ, Yahoo, and Looksmart.
Best and easiest ways to increase your page’s PR value:
1. Write a good and valuable article. By this way, people will put your link in their page initiatively.
2. Submit your page to well-known pages, especially some main search engines other than Yahoo . This will increase your page ranking on Google apparently.
3. You may put an external link on some commercial sites, forum/bbs, guessbook that allow you to do that.
4. Link exchanging with other webmaster (e.g. blogroll).